Economic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Financial - Essay Example China embraced this very methodology and subsequently, moved up the pinnacle of development post globalization, albeit different economies around the globe need to make up for the equivalent. Consequently China got supplications for a money gratefulness from countries around the globe; by and by, it only sometimes gave such an activity a genuine idea as it took steps to hinder its financial development however in the short run. Yet, China’s national bank as of late showed consistence to these outside solicitations when it climbed the base money save proportion to be kept up by Chinese business banks, by 0.5%. This progression be that as it may, was an all around thought one as it by implication likewise preferred the country’s monetary development. Climb in Cash Reserve Ratio Banks regularly hold a specific measure of stores which is a piece of the stores which it gets from its clients. These stores are held as a shield against any exceptional emergency coming to pass f or the economy. Truth be told, the sums that these banks ought to obligatorily keep down are chosen by the peak focal money related body based on various variables including the dangers of being lowered under an emergency. The national bank ordinarily proclaims a necessary hold proportion which the basic business banks must go along to and keep up as a piece of the all out stores which they get. Out of this save prerequisite that they hold, a specific sum should be kept up with the concerned national bank of the nation as money save proportion. Motivation behind CRR is to go about as a shield or security against any emergency. For example, on the off chance that that any bank needs more cash than it has with itself anytime of time; in such circumstances, the bank may turn towards the concerned national bank which advances this sum in the long run. The Chinese Central Bank declared an extra money save proportion of 0.5% over what the local business banks had been keeping up at first with the previous. This progression was accepted as an advancement attributable to demands for cash gratefulness originating from countries all around the globe. Such a measure expanded the liabilities of the Chinese Central Bank as increasingly more money began streaming in from business banks. The business banks in any case, encountered an expansion in their benefits thus given that a climb in CRR inferred an increment in the stores of these banks. Effect upon the economy of China Central Bank of China’s arrangement of expanding the CRR by an extra 0.5%, inferred a decrease in the sum that the business banks partnered with it, could progress to potential borrowers. Subsequently, the essential ramifications had been a decrease in the measure of cash being circled through the country. On an optional premise, to check the measure of advance requests, the business banks were induced to raise the market pace of premium which adversely influenced the volume of interests in the ec onomy. In this manner, GDP is probably going to fall. In addition, when GDP falls, so does the measure of utilization and speculation while, the interest for imports increment. Subsequently, during the subsequent stage, the economy is described by an expanded decrease in GDP attributable to decreases in utilization, venture and net fares. Effect on Money Multiplier Money multiplier, spoke to is the rate at which an economy can make credit given the economy’s financial base; it is spoken to as, MM = (1 + c/d)/(r/d + c/d); where, c/d ? Money Deposit

International market segmentation (economics, national culture and time) Essay Example

Worldwide market division (financial matters, national culture and time) Essay Universal market cleavage Economicss, national human progress and clasp European Journal of promoting vol. 48 No.7/8, 2014 pp. 1209-1293 We will compose a custom exposition test on International market division (financial aspects, national culture and time) explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on International market division (financial matters, national culture and time) explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on International market division (financial aspects, national culture and time) explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer In this article I propose to fundamentally quantify the above research paper: â€Å"International advertise cleavage ( financial sciences, national progress and clasp ) † distributed late in the European Journal of Marketing. The paper intends to investigate the impact, monetary and social elements have independently and in mix over universal state cleavage furthermore look to reveal the stableness of these variables and state areas over clasp. Cleavage can be depicted as the plan of spliting market in homogeneous gathering ( Goyat, 2011 ) . The developing of planetary rivalry has set up global cleavage as a cardinal issue in creating, situating and marketing stocks all through the universe ( Ter Hofstede et al. , 1999 ) cited by ( Budeva and Mullen, 2014 ) . Global cleavage has along these lines become a cardinal expansion of the conventional selling build, as inadequacy of colleague with different remote situations will in general take to speculation of interest status in abroad market. This can arrange national generalizations. In this manner a strategy of cleavage will help diminish employments beginning from such misinterpretations, as it recognizes the extent and significance of contrasts and likenesses between outside states. Anyway ( Budeva and Mullen, 2014 ) proposes that if an organization can achieve competitory bit of leeway as a result of planetary normalization, a â€Å"standardization arranged approach† is all together. Global cleavage other than gives a figure of favorable circumstances from the association purpose of position, one of it being that associations think that its simpler to come in states in a similar pack in which they have been fruitful ( Budeva and Mullen, 2014 ) Thusly on the off chance that one acknowledges this premiss, the request is non whether to segment the worldwide market however when to area and how to segment ( what balance for cleavage ought to be considered ) ( Wind and Douglas, 1972 ) . In the assessed investigate paper a longitudinal examination ( 1990-1999 ) is attempted and as an outcome, flexibly an infiltration into whether financial A ; social highlights change additional time. The impacts of monetary and social components are inspected exclusively, thus joined. The overview incorporates financial and social factors for 30 states estimated at two periods ( 1990-1999 ) . The examination is intended to catch the impacts of state explicit factors on segment rank and modifications additional time to gauge our theories. Hypothesiss of the exploration are referenced in the undermentioned passages. The author contends, when organizations enter new markets inquire about on financial advancement completely can non enough anticipate firm’s chances of accomplishment in these business sectors. The feasibility of this announcement can be upheld by the way that financial improvement of a state is just a record of its populaces buying limit and what ought to be the money related worth extent of the stocks advertised in that particular state in any case the customer affinities and objective/inspiration driving consumer’s stock decision is disregarded. Neither do outcomes of research attempted with solitary financial advancement as a base can help associations design or pick selling plans for their product in that advertise. As a result the accomplishment of the house can non be anticipated precisely. Along these lines, it is of import that on the other hand of state cleavage dependent on financial informations or entirely on social informations, we join the two all in all cleavage model. Subsequently the initial two theories are: H1 Country segments shaped from absolutely monetary factors will be unique in relation to state segments framed with simply social factors. H2 Country segments shaped from monetary and social factors will result in unexpected areas in comparison to those framed from either financial or social factors altogether. The outcome of this exploration shows that the two theories H1 and H2 are seen as evident. Hypotheses1 can be affirmed as when financial factor altogether is thought about USA has an alternate segment and does non partition this segment with some other state by and by, when development is made the base of cleavage USA. Is bunched with different states, for example, Canada, Austria, Ireland and Italy. The bundle adjustments for some, states remembered for the review, while changing the balance of cleavage from financial elements to human progress. H2 is other than seen as evident and can be affirmed by the way that while states were assessed separately on financial developing and progress a 4 four segment arrangement gave off an impression of being generally proper for a similar arrangement of states though when assessed in mix a six bundle arrangement is by all accounts generally suitable. Other than the development of the areas is not quite the same as arrangements dependent on monetary or social factors. Another announcement made by the author is that states vary in monetary turn of events yet they are non inert. Case of China is surrendered to back this announcement. This announcement in my perspective is extremely solid as clarified by the author by giving china’s representation, that states may see fast modifications in financial indexs, for example, GDP ( it bounced from 3 % in 1990 to 9 % in the undermentioned twelvemonth and again hopped to 14 % in 1992. This announcement can be confirmed non just by taking a gander at fluctuating GDP paces of China yet next to of numerous other universe financial frameworks with fluctuating GDP rates, for example, India. The author contends that progress changes as an impact of monetary turn of events, and a few states grow quicker than others ( Budeva and Mullen, 2014 ) . Anyway this announcement in my place of position is non entirely obvious as in my supposition non simply progress gets impacted by financial turn of events yet human advancement other than impacts monetary turn of events. As a state which scores high on self look in contrasting with perseverance will all things considered hold a clump all the more little financial specialists and enterprisers will be significantly more ready to take dangers to raise themselves to a basis of better life consequently compelling the wheel of monetary developing in that state. Anyway a state driven by increasingly customary social qualities will search for security in each contributing and concern managing they make, and as an outcome may non take proper auspicious risks and may free out on opportunities to expand total compensation outskirts. On the s ide of my announcement â€Å"The degree of corruptness other than changes forcefully between various states and distinctive monetary civic establishments, and this can do significant contrast to financial performance.† ( Sen, 2008 ) . Amartya sen in his article human progress and improvement other than discusses an incredible humanist Max Webber’s theory on the significant capacity of Protestants moralss on in the fruitful advancement of an entrepreneur mechanical financial framework. The essayist other than expect, individuals will be more safe to social modifications than financial improvement the third theories is: H3 Changes in monetary advancement will result moving of states across segments more every now and again than adjustments in national development. The outcomes of this exploration sees this theories as obvious as a seeable change in state bundle can be seen over the decennary dependent on monetary advancement as the bases of cleavage. Moves in state constellating with monetary developing, as base is significantly more in contrasting with constellating on the bases of progress. The essayist contends that human progress may modify simple, in steady stairss however it does change. The author contends that change in human progress is activated by the monetary framework. In the last theories of this exploration the author accept that with the financial turn of events, human advancement other than changes, and this prompts reconstituting in segments that we acquire from one period to the next, in light of this the finishing up speculations of this examination is: H4 Countries that move from creating monetary frameworks to higher pay position will see social modifications resulting in changed cleavage structures. The outcomes of this examination shows that simply two states show a dislodging in state constellating dependent on social variables while for state constellating dependent on financial components there were a clump more adjustments. Therefore we can express that social variables change extremely simple in contrasting with financial elements. Other than the two states Czech popular government and Spain which changed state segments got off from monetarily in reverse state and became segment of bunchs of financially propelled states representation Spain gets the segment together with other European states. As these two states moved from less created state pack to a decent created one financially an impressive removal can be seen in there constellating with human advancement as the bundle base. This demonstrates the above expressed theories. The example utilized in this examination paper by the author incorporates states studied by WVS in both 1990-1991 moving edge and 1999-2001. The underlying example secured an aggregate of 34 states yet three of them were disposed of due to losing informations what's more west Germany and east Germany is treated as one. The

START HERE, Vol. 2 Write-In Giveaway Finalist #2

START HERE, Vol. 2 Write-In Giveaway Finalist #2 Gina was chosen as a finalist in the START HERE, Vol. 2 Write-In Giveaway,  in which we invited the  Book Riot community to submit sample chapters for our book START HERE, Vol. 2: Read Your Way Into 25 Amazing Authors. Check it out on Kickstarter and back it if you like it!  The winner of the Write-In Giveaway will be the one whose entry reposted on BookRiot.com gets the most Facebook “likes” by 11:59PM EDT, Wednesday, May 22, 2013.  The ONLY way to vote is to click the Facebook “Like” just above this text on BookRiot.com. _________________________ C.S. Lewis Why would anyone today want to read an author who, decades ago, was calling himself an outdated “dinosaur?” Because he happened to be dead wrong about that. C. S. Lewis’s work deals with timeless themes, in dense but lucid prose that refuses to grow old. He’s hardly the forgotten writer that he believed he would become; on the contrary, many of his books are bestsellers to this day. But where to start with an author who wrote everything from children’s stories to sci-fi thrillers to lengthy treatises on medieval literature? Here are my suggestions. The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe.  Okay, probably you’ve already read itâ€"though maybe you haven’t. I didn’t until I was in my twenties. But it’s where most people first encounter Lewis, and I think that makes a lot of sense. Distilled in the Chronicles of Narnia, and especially in this first book, are all the imagination and humor and spiritual insight that suffuse Lewis’s entire body of work. Not to mention that a good deal of fantasy literature in the decades since the series was published has been either inspired by it, or reacting against it. (I’d suggest that if one reads Philip Pullman’s deeply anti-religious His Dark Materials series, it’s a good idea to read Narnia as well, and get the other side of the debate, so to speak.) So if you’ve already read  Lion, perhaps it’s worth revisitingâ€"and if you haven’t, you have a treat in store. The Screwtape Letters.  I’m tempted to describe this one as “devilishly clever” and leave it at that, but that would hardly do justice to this unique and inventive novel. Through a series of letters, a senior devil instructs his nephew in the fine art of luring a human soul to its doom. The genius of the work resides chiefly in its reminder that evil is not necessarily some grand, tragic, irrevocable choice we make one fateful day. Rather, it’s more often the small, selfish choices we make, day after day, that lead us in the wrong direction. Letters to Children.  Here’s where I throw you a curveball. It’s always been my opinion that you can’t really get to know Lewis until you’ve caught a glimpse of the warm heart beneath the giant brain. And reading this compilation of letters is one of the best ways to do this. Writing to various godchildren and young fans, Lewis answers a plethora of questions, commiserates about school difficulties, offers help with their own research and writing, and draws little doodles of cats and elephants. (“I can only draw a cat from the back view. . . . I think it is rather cheating, don’t you? because it does not show the face which is the difficult part to do,” he confesses to his goddaughter Sarah.) He even encourages some of them to write Narnia fanfiction if they want toâ€"surely one of the most generous gestures a novelist can make. From there one can branch out in any number of directionsâ€"to the Space Trilogy and the mythological novel  Till We Have Faces; to other theological works like  The Great Divorce  and  The Weight of Glory; or to literary essays like “On Stories.” But I believe the three books I’ve listed above are a good starting point to discover which facet of Lewis you likeâ€"or whether, as I do, you just might like all of him. Sign up to Unusual Suspects to receive news and recommendations for mystery/thriller readers.

The Facilitator Of The Cbt - 1569 Words

Social Worker The facilitator of the CBT introduces the new concepts, educates, explains the steps, assist the client with identifying triggers, and utilizes interventions. Through rapport building and engagement practices the therapeutic conditions is created. Through problem solving therapy the client h defined problems, brainstormed, generated solutions, and analyzed what went wrong. Established coping plans, making adjustments, and assigning homework included some of the roles of a social worker. As an intern responsibilities included reviewing homework and techniques for effectiveness. Understanding the client as a whole meant allowing the client to be an expert on themselves, listening, and learning the client. Rationale Eliminating the primary diagnosis of the adjustment disorder and reducing symptoms of the secondary diagnosis of depression and anxiety was the desired outcome behind using CBT. The use of CBT to normalize his emotions and mood was a clear objective after presenting Mario with the diagnosis. The prediction of using psychoeducation for CBT to combat depression, anxiety, and adjustment would allow Mario to connection the feelings, thoughts, and behavior with the best outcome in the shortest period of time due to time constraints. The evidence based reduction of symptoms as it relates to depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorder was the rationale behind using autogenic training. According to Jolic Leposavic, autogenic training reduces heart rate,Show MoreRelatedCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1697 Words   |  7 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one therapeutic approach that is capable of providing this group with effective psychotherapeutic treatment and intervention s as well as approaches that enhances the effectiveness and efficiency of group therapy. Often developed for skills training, cognitive-behavioral groups are characterized by the use of practical interventions focused on behavior modification techniques (Wilson, Bouffard, and Mackenzie; 2005). The therapeutic goal of cognitive behavioralRead MoreDepression : A Common Risk Factor For Suicide Behavior Essay1409 Words   |  6 Pagesmedications for the illness. Those medications are more likely to provide immediate relief from symptoms. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), one of psychological treatments, is also a recognised effective treatment. CBT focuses on changing a pattern of thought that disturbs an individual’s emotion and behaviour (King, Davison, Neale, Johnson, 2007). Although CBT is less effective than SSRIs, a combination of both psychological and medical treatments together is more effective than those treatmentsRead MoreTrauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy 1720 Words   |  7 Pagestraumatization and increases in mood and anxiety disorders, but the most frequently reported symptoms of psychological distress are post-traumatic stress symptoms (Cohen, Mannarino Iyengar, 2011). Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is basically a conjoint parent and child psychotherapy approach for kids and teenagers who are undergoing significant behavioral and emotional difficulties pertaining to traumatic life events (Jensen et al., 2014). In essence, it is a components-basedRead MorePregnant African American Women s Attitudes Towards Perinatal Depression Prevention1108 Words   |  5 PagesEdinburgh Post-Partum Depression Scale one third of the example (n=24, 39.3%) additionally reported being discouraged a while ago. (Goodman. S. H., Dimidjion, S. Williams, .G. 2013) Additionally completed were measures of perceived barriers and facilitators and current depression. Both the psychosocial strategies were appraised as mole determinedly supported, mole credible, and connected with more useful individual responses in respect to the pharmacotherapy approach. The authors utilized individualRead MoreA Reflective And Competent Practitioner Essay1292 Words   |à ‚  6 Pages Guiding Theory Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an insight-focused therapy that emphasizes the here-and-now (Corey, 2009). It typically is brief and time-limited therapy that is collaborative in nature, fairly structured and empirically based (Freeman, Felgoise, Nezu, Nezu, Reinecke, 2005). Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck are the major names that arise when discussing CBT. My theoretical orientation slants more towards the foundations of CBT set by Beck. Beck contends that individual perceptionsRead MoreThe Use Of Group Intervention By Occupational Therapists Essay814 Words   |  4 Pagesgroup goals. Adjourning- separating, consolidating gains, planning for the future. 3. Group norms are the expected ways of doing things within a group. Rules that are set by the facilitator of the group are explicit. Non-explicit norms are non-verbalised but assumed (creek). At the beginning of the groups, the facilitator will take more responsibility, establishing group norms. Over time, the group takes more responsibility and assumes more leadership. 4. The culture of a group is that way thatRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy And Music Therapy1629 Words   |  7 Pagesapproach, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), to address CBT goals through MT interventions. Despite the many parralels between CBT and MT there is limited literature on CBMT; the existing literature indicates that CBMT may be an effective treatment for clients with a variety of needs. Improvisation in CBMT makes up an even smaller portion of the literature, however the theoretical underpinnings of the CBT approach are congruent with the use of music improvisation. CBT was first described by Professor AaronRead MoreA Brief Note On The Record Of Service1578 Words   |  7 Pagesthe silent members admitted she was not comfortable in a group setting, but she promised her children she would come due to her inability to cope with the death of her husband. The other silent member only spoke when she was encouraged by the facilitator. When either of the silent members spoke, their replies were demands for work, and the group reflected on their responses. The monopolist was a male member. He continuously brought all topics of discussions back to his personal dilemma of notRead MoreCase Study : Client Mental Health Characteristics Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesCase Study: Client Mental Health Characteristics During the initial phase of therapy, Jane exhibited characteristics that I considered mentally unhealthy in CBT. She had little insight into her maladaptive information processing; she could identify that she was anxious, but was unable to trace the source of this anxiety. I identified two types of cognitive distortions that were problematic for the client: arbitrary inference and mislabeling. Arbitrary inference became particularly obvious asRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy : Cbt946 Words   |  4 PagesFor my group observation I choose to observe Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBT in a group setting for co-occurring adults. CBT was developed by Aaron T Beck in the 1960’s as a short term, structured, present-term psychotherapy for clients with depression (Rathod et al, 2015). It was geared toward solving current problems and modifying dysfunctional thoughts, and behaviors through use of the cognitive model. In the 1990’s CBT became more popular in dealing with th e more serious and challenging mental

Serial Killers, Organized Killers And Disorganized Killers

A serial killer is someone who murders three or more people, usually in service of abnormal psychological gratification, with the murders taking place over more than a month and including a significant break between them. There are three types of serial killers: medical killers, organized killers, and disorganized killers. A medical killer is the rarest type of serial killers. This kind of killer feels they have the best and most perfect cover because it’s very common for people in hospitals to pass away. These types of killers are really smart and know how to carefully conceal their murders. An organized killer is the hardest to identify and capture. They are highly intelligent and really organized. Every detail in the crime is planned†¦show more content†¦Bullying develops killers to get â€Å"secret aggressive fantasies†. Loneliness plays another role in serial killers because it can lead to the evolution of these fantasies. Serial killers’ behaviors before the crime are usually emotions like anger, guilt, and jealousy due to something that somebody else might have done to make them feel that way. Post crime behavior would be more focused on the killer avoiding detection and improving on different methods of murder for future murders. A fantasy is an elaborate set of thoughts with great preoccupation anchored in emotion, and originating from daydreams. Fantasy is determined as a mechanism by which a characteristic such as anger, can take on a form with a specific objective. Fantasy may act as a substitute for a particular action, or assist in preparing for action. Richard ramirez was born on February 29th, 1960, in El Paso, Texas. Ramirez was the youngest of 6 siblings in his family. His parents were Julian and Mercedes Ramirez, who made their living by being a railroad worker. They were good great catholic parents who just wanted a good life for Richard but that just wasn’t enough. Ramirez crimes were heavily influenced by his cousin Mike. Mike was a green beret who just returned from The Vietnam War. When Mike came home he told Ramirez stories from back in Vietnam in which he tortured many Vietnamese women. This was the start ofShow MoreRelatedEssay about Serial Killers Modus Operandi1702 Words   |  7 PagesSerial Killers Modus Operandi A plethora of serial killers, dead and undead, have been most horrifying in their methods. There are several types of serial killers, some have been caught while others continue to haunt their surroundings. There are several approaches in categorizing serial killers. One method requires examination of the crime scene, the other requires counseling with the serial killer. In profiling a serial killer, law enforcers realize that serial killers are not unlike regularRead MoreThe Murder Of Serial Killers1703 Words   |  7 PagesA grieving mother drapes herself over the casket of her deceased son. The 14 year old had fallen victim to one of the most infamous serial killers in history, Jeffrey Dahmer. Dahmer killed a total of 17 known victims, all between the ages of 14 and 33. In his most recent murders, he often resorted to necrophilia, cannibalism, and permanent preservation of body parts (â€Å"Jeffrey Dahmer Biography†). The mother looks at what is left of her son’s f ace, the face that once smiled to her every morning beforeRead MoreSerial Killers And The Serial Killer1080 Words   |  5 Pageshelp? This was the technique one of the most infamous serial killer Ted Bundy used to approach his victims and ultimately murder them. B. Background and Audience Relevance: Today, I will be speaking to you about serial killers. C. Speaker Credibility: I decided to do my topic on serial killers because, criminology is something I’m genuinely interested in and would like to learn more about it myself. D. Thesis: By learning about serial killers, hopefully in the future they can be captured fasterRead MoreThe Characteristics Of The Serial Killer, By Dorothea Puente1327 Words   |  6 Pagesto hear everything the elderly lady, Dorothea Puente, was capable of. Investigators weren’t suspicious of her even after corpses were found on her property because she didn’t fit the typical serial killer profile. The average serial killer is a white male in his mid to late 20’s. More than 90% of serial killers are men according to research done by criminologists James A. Fox and Jack Levin, and among these 73% were white. Only 4% had graduated with a bachelor’s degree. Victims were 67% female, withRead MoreSerial Murder And Mass Murder936 Words   |  4 Pages Before we can take on the definitions of serial murder and mass murder, we must first understand what exactly constitutes murder. According to the United States Code-section 1111, murder is defined as the unlawful killing of a human being with malice aforethought (4). With that said, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the term serial murder implies that there are at least three different murder events at three different locations, with a â€Å"cooling off† period between each event (RamslandRead MorePerry Smith: A Passion to Kill1354 Words   |  6 PagesSerial killers have long eluded law enforcement while simultaneously grabbing the attention of the public, and now more than ever, criminal psychologists are beginning to understand what makes a serial killer. In his true-crime documentary, In Cold Blood, Truman Capote depicts the horrifying murders of four members of the Clutter family and the search to find the criminals responsible for the deaths. Eventually , two killers are caught, one being Perry Smith, a detached and emotionless man. And althoughRead MoreCharacteristics And Backgrounds Of Serial Killers Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesSerial killers can be hiding behind the smiles of your neighbors, grocers, and the most unexpected individuals. According to Boschken (2014), a serial killer is an individual that has committed three or more murders over a month without a large gap between murders. Several different characteristics and backgrounds make up a serial killer. Studies have shown that an individual’s background can give insight into the victims and the offender’s relationship to the victims. Serial killers can also beRead MoreThe Crime Of Serial Murder And Mass Murder1289 Words   |  6 PagesRotten Apples The act of Serial murder and mass murder have similar characteristics, however they are not the same. Before they can be defined, it is necessary to first understand what exactly constitutes murder. According to the United States Code-section 1111, murder is defined as the unlawful killing of a human being with malice aforethought (FindLaw, 2014). With that said, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, â€Å"the term serial murder implies that there are at least three differentRead MoreSerial Killers : An American Serial Killer1374 Words   |  6 PagesSerial killers can be profiled in many ways, but they do not always fit perfectly into one category. Most of the definitions and techniques used to profile these criminals are based on reoccurring patterns and characteristics in their killings. While society may view most of these people as troubled, there are classifications of some serial killers as being well adapted into society. Serial Killers can be characterized as o rganized or disorganized murders, as well as classified into four differentRead MoreSerial Killers in Modern Society1558 Words   |  6 PagesSerial Killers in Modern Society Introduction For hundreds of years, serial killers have actually been a huge fascination all over the world. Even though society has an undeveloped idea as to what a serial killer is and how they function, there is much more to serial killers that people are probably unaware of. In spite of classic myths regarding serial killers which are displayed a lot in movies, this essay will recognize serial killers as irregular as the individual that utilizes various strategies

Criteria for effective control Free Essays

Briefly discuss the criteria for effective control. There are five criteria for effective control. In designing a control system, one must make sure that it measures what is important now and what is important in the future, not what is important in the past. We will write a custom essay sample on Criteria for effective control or any similar topic only for you Order Now Firstly, the systems must be related to organizational strategy. In designing a control system, one must make sure that it measures what is important now and what is important in the future, not what is important in the past. Multinational corporations often find it useful to maintain a entralized, integrated system of controls consistent with the strategic orientation of the organization. For example, General Motor maintains a number of units that are interdependent through each of the sequential steps in the manufacturing process, therefore, General Motor must have control systems that ensure that production processes are not disrupted. Secondly, use all steps in the control process. To be effective, a control system must employ all steps in the control process. Standards of performance must be set, measurements of actual performance taken, comparisons f standards with actual performance made, and when necessary, corrective action taken. For example, in our life, for a grade A in our management course, suppose we never bothered to check our posted grade on the midterm exam. In this case, our control system would be incomplete. Without knowing our midterm exam score, we would not compare our performance with our standard. Thirdly, be composed of objective and subjective measures. Effective control systems typically require managers to blend quantitative (objective) and qualitative (subjective) performance easures. For example, management may have set specific targets for productivity. This performance goal has a precise formula for measurement. In the same situation, management has also expressed a desire to achieve high levels of worker satisfaction. Forth, be timely in feedback reporting. Timeliness is the degree to which the control systems provides information when it is needed. The issue here is not how fast the feedback information is provided but whether it is provided quickly enough to permit a response to an unacceptable deviation. For example, the U. S. naval accident that occurred in early 2005 present the importance of timeliness itself. The crew of the nuclear submarine USS San Francisco violated the feedback timeliness requirement with near-catastrophic consequences. In short, the submarine smashed into an undersea mountain. A subsequent naval investigation reveal the crew should have checked the water depth more frequently, should not have been traveling at high speed, and failed to take into account a variety of danger signs, all of which contributed to the underwater accident. Last but not least, be cceptable to a diverse workforce. To be effective, organizational controls must be accepted by employees. The control system should motivate workers to recognize standards and act to achieve them. For example, as a student in a management course. Suppose our professor has no problem assigning course grade B or lower but says that a grade of A can be achieved only by students who read a new chapter and five related Journal articles everyday and submit a 20-page, typewritten synopsis of these readings each day. Would we be discouraged from attempting to earn a grade How to cite Criteria for effective control, Papers

The importance of Theory in Nursing free essay sample

Discussed in this paper will be nursing theory and review its importance to nursing as a profession. It will also focus on aspects of the nursing theorist Virginia Henderson and her theory on the complementary-supplementary model of nursing. Nursing leadership, as it relates to Henderson’s theory, will also be discussed. Nursing theory itself is defined as an organized framework of concepts and purposes designed to guide the practice of nursing (Dossey, 2008). There will be multiple sections in this paper discussing an analysis of the importance of nursing theory, summery of key concepts related to the theory, and review of how the theory affects nursing leadership. Section one The prominence of nursing theory to the profession of nursing is of endless enormousness. McCurry, Revell, Roy (2010) note that the nursing profession has a responsibility to add to the well-being of society by utilizing evidence-based practice. Nursing knowledge is made on theories that answer questions to the problem of science. We will write a custom essay sample on The importance of Theory in Nursing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When a theory is confirmed by research it is verbalized into nursing practice. The actions of; research, theory and evidence-based care shape nursing’s goals and values to improve the care and health of families, individuals, and society. Therefore, this makes the theory of nursing a foundation of nursing as a caring profession. According to (Dossey 2008), now is a point and time in nursing when there is a demand for a new language. This language will take the best evidence known and the art of nursing, to have great impacts on the human caring theory to a new level. It is through these methods and opinions that the nursing profession will be more prepared to share the expertise, knowledge, and critical-thinking skills for corresponding assistance to others in creating proper health and healing. According to Wagner and Bear (2009), theoretical definitions give a better meaning to the concept being studied which directs the theory and research. This method permits theory to have a positive impact on nursing by encouraging active patient care and in turn increasing patient satisfaction. Section two According to Virginia Henderson’s theory of complementary-supplementary,  she establishes her definition of nursing as: The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to a peaceful death) that the person would perform unaided given the necessary strength, will or knowledge, and to do this in such a way as to help the individual gain independence as rapidly as possible (Henderson 1961). Virginia Henderson conceptualized the nurse’s role in the profession of nursing as supporting the sick or well human being in a supplementary or complementary manner. Henderson is known as the â€Å"First lady of nursing,† as she started nurses thinking about â€Å"The Concept of Nursing.† Henderson’s theory has such a broad range of ideas that her theory can be used in many nursing processes. Henderson’s key concepts recount the modules of nursing care to 14 basic patient needs and definitions (Henderson, 1961). 1. Breathing normally -If oxygenation is insufficient organ function can be compromised or destroyed. 2. Eating and drinking adequately -to establish and maintain hydration and normovolemia for adequate organ function. 3. Eliminating body wastes to maintain stability of kidney function and bowel elimination. 4. Moving and maintaining a desirable position -to prevent skin breakdown, pulmonary infiltrates, and pneumonia. 5. Sleeping and resting -To optimize system functions. 6. Selecting suitable clothes -To preserve dignity. 7. Maintaining body temperature within normal range by modifying the environment and adjusting clothing In order to prevent damage to body systems. 8. Cleanliness and well groomed of the body to protect the integument-To protect the integument system and the patient’s dignity. 9. Avoiding injuring others and dangers in the environment -Physical assessments of patients and surroundings to avoid harm. 10. Communicating with others by expressing needs, emotions, opinions, or fears Soothing communication and keeping patient and/or family well informed. 11. Worshipping according to one’s faith Adhere to religious beliefs 12. Working in such a way that one feels a sense of accomplishment -To give optimal quality care no matter what the outcome is. 13. Participating or playing in various forms of recreation -Activities that suit the patient’s condition. 14. Discovering, learning, or satisfying the curiosity that leads  to normal development and health, and using available resources -To give information, education, and support. Nicely and DeLario (2011), use Henderson’s theory to look at organ donation for transplantation. They define her theory as a nursing process of logical design which can be utilized by all health care providers. They continued to say that her concepts and theory of nursing, give a basis upon which great care can be built. Virginia Henderson’s theoretical propositions include the global conceptual framework, metaparadigm of nursing, which includes the broad concepts of person or client, environment, health, and nursing. Her theories, concepts, and propositions are well accepted worldwide as a basis for nursing care (Nicely, DeLario, 2011). The relationship is that it includes the summation of all external conditions that have an effect on the life and development of an individual. It also includes providing conditions that the patient can perform the 14 fundamental needs. It is the environmental setting in which the individual learns their pattern for living, and their relation to families. The community also has to be taken into account by discussing the impact it has on the individual and family (Henderson, 1961). Health is the quality of an individual’s life, basic to human functioning. Nurses are to convey the prevention and cure of diseases and promote good health. Having excellent health is a challenge; there are many aspects like cultural background, physical and intellectual abilities, age, and emotional balance can affect excellent health (Henderson, 1961). As a nurse, this is a person who functions are to assist the sick and well individuals in a supplementary or complementary role. Their role consists of assessing the patients’ health needs, help them meet these needs, and provide an effective environment for the patient to be independent. The main goal of a nurse is to make the patient complete as a whole and to utilize nursing research to establish evidence-based care (Henderson, 1961). Section three With Virginia Henderson being one of the great leaders of our time, she was a pioneer in the aspect of visionary leadership. She had a vision to ascertain the true meaning and nature of nursing. Her definition of nursing was her first attribute and is of grand design. It is written to allow nurses to develop their own concept of nursing. Another vision was to give optimal  quality care to patients, families, and the community. Through the nursing process, in which she noted is the submission of logical approaches to the resolution of a problem. This process has since been adopted by many leaders for other areas in the healthcare field. For example, nurse administrators use it to establish a specific focus for decisions and actions (Schmieding, 1990). Henderson, in 1985, wrote of the power of the electronic patient record. She elaborated on the subject of an international medical or health record that would supply the medical community with a clear picture of a patient (Clark, 1997). Henderson’s theory and concepts were also one of the leading aspects of the problem-solving and decision-making leadership style. These skills, which make up this style, are essential to leadership no matter what style it is. Even though some of her views were debatable, she was a strong, leading advocate for advancing the nursing profession through research. In 1984, with the reestablishment of public health nursing, she focused her attention to the development of a research program to optimize quality of care for the patient, families, and the community (Abrams, 2007). In 1953, she joined the faculty at Yale University and began a review of nursing research. In summation, Virginia Henderson views leadership as a multifaceted discipline in nursing. It encompasses vision, action, caring, and evidence-based data. Her life’s work has demonstrated many effective aspects of an effective leader and has empowered other nurses to continue her work. Conclusion Nursing theory overall has a dramatic effect on the nursing profession. Early on nursing theorists, like Virginia Henderson, not only established the foundation of theory but also proposed concepts about nursing that outline it as a true profession. Nursing theory, along with research, concepts, and evidence-based practice are the things that compose the foundation of nursing as a profession and what will be in the future of nursing. In order to be excellent leaders, nurses must have a grip on the history of nursing, theory, and practice. Nursing is making great strides on the health and wholeness of individuals since the 1960’s. With the future approaching, the profession of nursing will have to head out on an even bigger adventure o to discover nursing research and an improvement in education to create nursing as a mature profession.

Aggression Studies in Modern World

Aggression Studies in Modern World Empirical studies on aggression have revealed the motivation behind extreme forms of aggression. Increased homicide rates are attributed to aggression. Studies in a number of industrialized countries have recorded increase in aggression with some causes of the increased form of violence being accessibility of weapons, global warming, exposure to violent media and violence against young children among others.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Aggression Studies in Modern World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Daffern, Howells, Ogloff (2007, 104) theoretical analyses and fresh empirical discoveries have led to promising treatment of aggressive behaviour. Various authors have used different approaches to decipher the major causes of aggression and why it is prevalent in men than in women. Moreover, some studies have indicated that women are involved in indirect forms of aggression. This essay will provide an analysis of aggression as revealed in various articles. Empirical Studies on Aggression Daffern, Howells, Ogloff, (2007, 104) describe various definitions and theories of aggression. Their article is divided into sections that delve on outcomes, routes, and sources of aggression. On the other hand, Richardson Green (2003, 13) offer an extensive insight into the aggression phenomenon by offering a description from philosophers, scholars and men of letters. Through ethology, psychoanalytic study on patients, and psychoendocrinologic research, the authors provides an overview of various causes of aggression. Daffern, Howells, Ogloff (2007, 107) and Rappaport Thomas (2004, 268) classify aggression in various ways. These ways include aggression targets, whether directed to self or to others, aggression mode, whether verbal or physical, indirect or direct, and the causes of aggression, which can be medical. Subtypes of aggression such as impulsive aggression and premeditat ed aggression, have received considerable attention. The latter is a form of aggression not associated with frustrations or response to threats. Premeditated aggression is also known as instrumental aggression or proactive aggression. Individuals who have a clear goal in their minds perpetrate this form of aggression. Contrary, impulsive aggression has the characteristic of precipitation and autonomic arousal through provocation. This form of aggression is usually associated with emotions such as fear or anger. Rappaport Thomas (2004, 268) reveal that impulsive aggression is response to perceived stress. This form of aggression is pathological in case the responses become exaggerated. Sometimes, impulsive aggression may be deemed defensive such as during dangerous threats.Advertising Looking for critical writing on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Methodologies Used An empirical analysis by Richardso n Green, (2003, 15) reveals that more people are dying from interpersonal or self-inflicted violence. This violence is usually caused by impulsive aggression. Anderson Bushman, (2002, 28) reveal that a quarter of all men and half of the women report physical aggression after the age of 18 years. Similar to this study, Richardson Green (2003, 17) claim that impulsive or irritable aggression has a substantial rate of heritability. These findings are consistent with the analysis of a study by Anderson Bushman (2002, 28), who reveal that environmental interactions play a huge role in anti-social and aggressive behaviour. Environmental factors conducive to aggression are familial, cultural, and socioeconomic factors, which have been covered in the aforementioned. Anderson (2010, 414) adds that people with biological risks for aggression are particularly vulnerable to psychosocial adversity effects. For example, some genes interact with maltreatment and adversity during childhood to m ake an individual more inclined to violence. An empirical study by Rappaport Thomas (2004, 260) indicates that impulsive and episodic physical and verbal aggression is associated with psychiatric disorders and is usually seen in some personality disorders. Most of the violent offenders are men who possess severe personality disorders. Assessing individuals for aggressive behaviours requires a well-organized approach, which draws on diagnostic interviews, clinical knowledge and familiarity with the protective, and risk factors. Various methodologies have been adopted in arriving at information regarding aggression. Various determinants of aggression have underlying motivations. Various authors have reviewed interventions such as psychopharmacological treatment, psychosocial treatment, and therapy for cognitive behaviour in an attempt to expand research that defines the optimal treatment for aggressive behaviour (Rappaport Thomas 2004, 261). The empirical study provided by Rappaport Thomas (2004, 261) focuses on important findings on aggression in certain age groups. This coverage is absent in the study by Anderson Bushman (2002, 32) who have excluded conduct disorder, risk factors, and aggression sub-types in their study.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Aggression Studies in Modern World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main areas of their research are individual factors such as gender. Their article delves on aggressive males with little attention on the female due to the large number of males involved in violent crimes and excessive forms of aggression. The main shortcoming of this study is that readers have difficulties understanding the gender differences that exist in aggression because the study only had male participants. The cross-sectional study adopted by Richardson Green (2003, 17) helps to understand the gender characteristics of aggressive behaviour because it r elies on a follow-up which gives a history of aggressive behaviour in girls and the symptoms shown by the aggressive girls. Epidemiological studies such as the one conducted by Anderson (2010, 414) reveals that conduct disorder is a severe mental disorder prevalent in adolescent girls and that leads to aggression. Aggression in females has increased in recent years because of several biological factors. However, Anderson (2010, 415) does not unravel interaction between the causative factors and fails to identify developmental trajectories that would determine mechanisms for outcomes of aggression by the females. Similar to the aforementioned study, Rappaport Thomas (2004, 262) have recognized that girls are exposed to biological insults as the boys are. However, this exposure has minimum ramifications to the girls than it is to the boys. The outcomes from this study have methodological shortcomings because of relying on cross-sectional studies. With this study, it becomes a dauntin g task to measure prenatal exposure to aggression with precision. Moreover, it is increasingly difficult to measure risk factors, which confound the results. Despite the aforementioned limitations, increased vulnerability of the males to various sources of stress has been revealed. It is important to outline reasons why the females are less inclined towards antisocial behaviour related to prenatal exposure. Daffern, Howells, Ogloff, (2007, 103) use a functional analytic approach to gauge and classify determinants and idiosyncratic functions of aggression. Such an approach has not been embraced in assessing aggression in psychiatric patients. This is notwithstanding that the methodology has demonstrated efficacy in coming up with prescriptions for problem behaviours like self-injury.Advertising Looking for critical writing on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A function analytic approach is necessary for understanding problems in anger management and aggression. As part of research on antisocial behaviour and aggression, Daffern, Howells, Ogloff (2007, 103) have developed a method to classify functions of antisocial and aggressive tendencies in aggressive patients. The functions assessed in the study are the need to seek approval from the society, the need to force compliance, and the need to express anger among other factors. This classification enables one to recognize the functions served by aggression, some of which may be intended and most of which may influence the odds of occurrence of aggressive behaviour in the future. Pro-Social Behaviour and Aggression Observational studies by Ostrov, Woods, Jansen, Casas, Crick (2004, 357) was meant to provide information on aggression in young children. Contrary to the other studies, this study has assessed the subtypes of pro-social behaviour and aggression. This study revealed that aggre ssive acts in children often occurred in groups of more than two children. Children were found to possess particular behavioral styles. Particularly, the boys used physical behaviors why the girls used verbal behavior to express themselves. In general, this approach was instrumental in the discovery of subtypes of aggressive behaviors such as physical aggression, verbal aggression, nonverbal aggression, and relational aggression. These subtypes were important indicators of mean and hostile behavior indicated in other study by Rappaport Thomas, (2004, 265). Furthermore, Ostrov, Woods, Jansen, Casas, Crick (2004, 356), examined, received, and delivered pro-social behavior to provide a balanced assessment of aggression in children. The study reveals that boys and girls used different aggression tactics. The boys used physical aggression while the girls were aggressive in the manner they related with other people. Great importance can be attached to the methodology used in this study as it predicts how boys are likely to receive physical aggression while the girls were more inclined to receive relational aggression. Verbal aggression was noticed in both girls and boys while nonverbal aggression was prevalent among girls. The disparities that exist in expressing among men and women have been articulated. Research by Ostrov, Woods, Jansen, Casas, Crick (2004, 357) is based on a model that reflects the degree of disparities between women and men in their expression of aggression. The gender disparities in aggression have been given less attention during empirical researches. Through this research, evidence has linked aggression and hostility to men with little information on how women tend to express aggression. These developments are based on theories on gender differences, which indicates the extent to which men are more predisposed to direct aggression while females are subjected to indirect forms of aggression. Two models have been used to account for the gend er disparities in aggression. These are the threat model and the model of social sanctions. The latter states that aggressive behaviour tends to be linked to social expectations. An examination of each of the aforementioned models determines how aggression is exhibited. The age of the individual targeted by the aggressor is a major consideration. Rappaport Thomas (2004, 268) have examined the effects of the gender of the aggressor and the target. Questionnaires have been used to measure subtypes of aggression. Similar to the results in the study by Anderson(2010, 34), Rappaport Thomas (2004, 260) found out that the females reported indirect aggression than they reported direct aggression. Moreover, males and females had no disparities in indirect aggression. In addition, the amount of aggression delivered to the females directly was not different with the one delivered to the males. The main shortcoming of this study is that the results from this study invalidated the proposed mod els. In the light of this, there exists the need for more research that explores gender disparities in the target and the aggressor. Furthermore, despite the compelling insight given by both models regarding the mechanisms used to arrive at the gender disparities by both models, the models fail in exploring changes in several aspects of gender disparities. Various studies have ignored this feasible explanation. Anderson (2010, 34-36) indicates that there is the need for observation and confirmation of how victimization and aggression affects children’s behavior. The study came up with results with evidence supporting aggression that is based on gender during childhood. Young participants in the study provided evidence, which revealed that trajectories for aggression based on gender began in early childhood with both boys and girls experiencing and exhibiting certain levels of aggression in the pre-school years. These results are contrary to the study by Daffern, Howells, Ogl off (2007, 112), which is based on the numerous theories of development of aggression. These results provide important information regarding anti-social behaviors exhibited by children. Previous researches had indicated that the narrow scope of children’s social and cognitive skills, and the use of relational aggression in them was immature to some extent. Concisely, their aggressive acts have been deemed as mainly direct and unlikely to harm other children. However, the research conducted by Rappaport Thomas (2004, 264-266) indicates that pre-scholars show advanced and complicated aggression strategies involving gossips, rumors, and lies. These behaviors are direct but covert or subtle in nature. The study above reveals strong evidence of the presence of aggression in children and the need for a comprehensive study on the trend. The study by Rappaport Thomas (2004, 265) replicated another study by Daffern, Howells, Ogloff (2007, 103), which had findings that suggested the absence of nonverbal aggression in preschoolers. Children are open when expressing aggression in a verbal way and they tend to use insults in this form of aggression. Extra research on this subject may help in examining the findings made by the authors regarding the lack of observable disparities in verbal and nonverbal forms of aggression. Conclusion In summary, various articles on aggression have been analyzed. According to studies on aggression, aggression takes many forms and its goal is usually to hurt an individual. Several empirical studies have been examined. These studies have revealed that the motivations behind aggression are multi-faceted. Increased homicide in a number of countries has been attributed to aggression. In industrialized countries, aggression has been exacerbated by easy access to dangerous weapons such as rifles. Global warming and exposure to a violent media are also some of the causes of increased aggression in these countries. Recommendations in these studies indicated that aggressive behavior might soon find appropriate treatment. References Anderson, CA Bushman, BJ 2002, ‘Human aggression’ Annual Review of Psychology, vol. 53, no.1, pp. 27-51. Anderson, M 2010, ‘Reconceptualizing Aggression’ Duke Law Journal, vol.60, no.2, pp. 411-451. Daffern, M, Howells, K, Ogloff, J 2007, ‘Whats the point? Towards a methodology for assessing the function of psychiatric inpatient aggression. Behaviour Research and Therapy, vol.45, no.1, pp. 101–111. Ostrov, JM, Woods, KE, Jansen, EA, Casas, JF, Crick, NR 2004, ‘An observational study of delivered and received aggression,gender, and social-psychological adjustment in preschool:â€Å"This White Crayon Doesn’t Work †, Early Childhood Research Quarterly, vol.19, no.1, pp. 355–371. Rappaport, N Thomas, C 2004, ‘Recent Research Findings on Aggressive and Violent Behavior in Youth: Implications for Clinical,’ Journal Of Adolescent Health, vol.35, no.4, pp. 260–277. Richardson, SD, Green, LR 2003, ‘Defining direct and indirect aggression: The Richardson Conflict Response Questionnaire,’ International Review of Social Psychology, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 11-30.

Sue Monk Kidd, Author of The Secret Life of Bees

Sue Monk Kidd, Author of 'The Secret Life of Bees' Sue Monk Kidd (born August 12, 1948) spent the early days of her writing career penning memoirs, going on to publish her first novel,  The Secret Life of Bees, in 2002. Kidds career has spanned genres of contemplative spirituality, feminist theology, and fiction.   Fast Facts: Sue Monk Kidd Known For: Bestselling novelistBorn: August 12, 1948, in Sylvester, GeorgiaParents:  Leah and Ridley MonkEducation: Texas Christian University, Emory UniversityPublished Works:  The Invention of Wings, The Secret Life of Bees, The Mermaid Chair, The Dance of the Dissident Daughter, Traveling with Pomegranates: A Mother-Daughter StorySpouse: Sanford KiddChildren: Ann and BobNotable Quote: â€Å"It is the peculiar nature of the world to go on spinning no matter what sort of heartbreak is happening.†Ã‚   Early Life Raised in Sylvester, a rural town in Georgia, Kidd was the daughter of an imaginative, story-telling father. She knew early on that she wanted to be a writer. She cites Thoreaus Walden and Kate Chopins The Awakening as early influences that would eventually lead to a writing career rooted in spirituality. In 1970, Kidd earned a B.S. degree from Texas Christian University in nursing. During her 20s, she worked as a registered nurse and a college nursing instructor at the Medical College of Georgia. Kidd married  Sanford â€Å"Sandy† Kidd, with whom she had two children. Early Literary Work When she decided to enroll in writing classes, Kidd and her family were living in South Carolina where her husband taught at a small liberal arts college. Her goal was to write fiction, but she began her career writing nonfiction inspirational pieces, many of which she published in Guideposts Magazine, where she eventually became a contributing editor. Spiritual searching ensued, which Kidd chronicled in her first book, Gods Joyful Surprise (1988). Two years later in 1990, her second spiritual memoir followed, entitled  When the Heart Waits. Spiritual Publications While in her 40s, Kidd turned her attention to a study of feminist spirituality, resulting in another memoir,  The Dance of the Dissident Daughter (1996). The book recounts her spiritual journey from a Baptist upbringing to non-traditional feminist spiritual experiences. Novels and Memoirs Kidd is best known for her first novel, The Secret Life of Bees (2002), in which she tells the coming-of-age story- set in 1964- of a 14-year-old girl and her black housekeeper, a modern classic that spent over two years on The New York Times bestseller list, has been published in 35 countries, and is now taught in college and high school classrooms. In 2005, Kidd followed with The Mermaid Chair, the story of a middle-aged married woman who falls in love with a Benedictine monk. Like The Secret Life of Bees, The Mermaid Chair uses its female protagonist to explore spiritual themes. The Mermaid Chair was also a long-time bestseller and won the  2005 Quill Award for General Fiction. Shortly thereafter, Firstlight, a collection of Kidds early writings, was published by Guideposts Books in 2006 and by Penguin in 2007.   Kidd co-authored her next memoir with her daughter Ann Kidd Taylor after they traveled together in France, Greece, and Turkey. The resulting  Traveling with Pomegranates  (2009) appeared on The New York Times list and has been published in several languages. Her third novel,  The Invention of Wings, was published in 2014 by Viking and remained on The New York Times hardcover fiction bestseller list for more than six months. The winner of several literary awards,  The Invention of Wings  won the SIBA Book Award and was selected for Oprahs Book Club 2.0. It has been translated into 24 languages and sold over one million copies.   Her entire collection of writings to date include: Gods Joyful Surprise (1988)When the Heart Waits (1990)The Dance of the Dissident Daughter (1996)The Secret Life of Bees (2002)The Mermaid Chair (2005)Firstlight: The Early Inspirational Writings of Sue Monk Kidd  (2006)Traveling with Pomegranates: A Mother-Daughter Journey to the Sacred Places of Greece, Turkey, and France  (with Ann Kidd Taylor) (2009)The Invention of Wings (2014) Sources Bryfonski, Dedria.  Coming of Age in Sue Monk Kidds Secret Life of Bees.  Greenhaven Press, 2013.Sue Monk Kidd, 30 Sept. 2018.â€Å"Sue Monk Kidd.†Ã‚  New Georgia Encyclopedia.

Journal 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Journal 2 - Essay Example Such privacy is protected by law and through electronic means. For example, electronic financial information can be protected through Personal Identification Numbers (PIN). It is a process through which a mortgage lender repossess the property used as collateral for a loan. The lender usually auctions that property or retains ownership rights due to a default by the loaned. The main objective of a foreclosure is to obtain the principle amount and also the accrued interest. The process of foreclosure is legal and sanctioned by court. The borrower is given a specific grace period in which he or she can make payment and avoid foreclosure. An example of a foreclosure is when a person uses a house as collateral for a loan and defaults in payments. The lender then seeks foreclosure by selling the house to obtain the balance and other payments. A franchise is a legal right or privilege that is officially accorded to an individual or entity to offer certain goods or services at a specific place and time. The franchise is strictly governed by guidelines that are defined under the agreement. An example to illustrate the terms can be sourced from the MacDonalds fast food franchise. The firm (franchisor) offers licenses or enters into trade agreements (franchises) with various entities (franchisees) around the world to offer products and services under its own name. The board of directors is a group of people who are elected to establish corporate management policies and practices in regard to the activities of the company. The board jointly runs the affairs of a company and is tasked with making decisions on major issues such as hiring terms, assessing the work of executives and shareholder dividends. The board of directors is formed by the organizations bylaws and regulated by a higher authority that has no interest in the firm to ensure the rationality of decisions. The activities of the board of directors are guided by the type,

Marketing Mix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Marketing Mix - Essay Example The ultimate objective of all marketing efforts is to generate revenue, which depends heavily on the price of the product or service. Some of the areas that pricing must look into include cost of development/ manufacturing, profitability, wholesale and retail prices, volume discounts and target market pricing etc. The promotion deals with the communication about a company's products and/ or services, targeted to improve the product image in customers' minds. It includes personal selling, direct marketing, advertising, publicity and other forms of marketing promotion campaigns. In addition to these 4 Ps of marketing mix, other Ps have been proposed like people, process, packaging etc. These are quickly taking over the new concept of marketing mix as being very important factors for a smooth and efficient system. New product development has become a significant source of differential advantage for companies nowadays. With the advent of modern technology, especially internet; customers are more informed of their needs and how to satisfy them. Hence, it is important for companies to consistently develop new products and improve existing ones to remain competitive. A business exist to satisfy customers while making profits (Etzel Walker Stanton, 2003, p.217) and hence it is required to identify the exact customers' needs before developing a product or service to satisfy it. The life cycle of a product consists of four stages namely, introduction, growth, maturity and decline. Product strategy varies for each of these stages and accordingly, all other strategies have to be developed to suit the requirements of a particular stage. For instance, during the introduction stage, it is unwise to manufacture a large quantity of product, but it is required during the growth and maturity stages to keep up with the demand of the product. C. Pricing Strategy Pricing decisions are affected by a variety of factors as stated above. In addition, these also depend upon the target customers. Price skimming strategy is used for innovative products by putting a very high price for the product and taking the first mover's advantage. Another strategy is to use the price penetration techniques to keep the price at a minimum in order to attract more customers. Hence, the pricing decisions vary and depend upon the market conditions. A general approach to pricing include selection of pricing objectives, determining demand of the product, estimating own costs and also the costs of competitors who are offering similar products in the market, and then the pricing method is selected (Kotler, 2003, pp. 472-485). A common method of pricing is to use a cost plus approach, where the price of the product is determined by the amount of money required to produce the product plus a margin over it (Etzel Walker Stanton, 2003, p.331). But other pricing strategies can also be used. A general objective of the pricing strategy is to gain maximum benefit while maintaining competition and the right positioning in the customers' minds about the company's products and services. Other pricing strat

World War I :: World War 1 I One Essays History

World War I During W.W.I the Austrian wore the pike gray 1909 pattern tunic and trousers. They have three white stars on the collar which indicate Sergeants rank. Some have leather gaiters worn by mountain troops; others wore the ordinary trousers with the integral gaiter which fastened around the ankle with two buttons. Men and women wore tunics made of khaki serge flannel or cord. Most men, and some women, also wore leather cartridge pouches and a slouched hat. Women were seen wearing long, more fuller skirts. Blouses usually had a high neck line and the sleeves were full length. Women also wore their hair longer but usually pulled it back into a bun or pony tail. Fashions were very conservative. On the Eastern Front, German infantry wore white coats with fur on the inside. They did this for warmth and camouflage. They wore the field gray cap with black/white and red at the top, and state blockade on the band. The band was red for infantry, black for rifles and artillery, and brown for machine gun battalions. The German Army uniform began to change in 1915. They went from buttoned cuffs to a simple turned back cuff. During W.W.I. tobacco was not frequently used, but drinking tea and whisky was used more for entertainment and relaxation. During W.W.II. materials were scarce. Skirt hems were much shorter and skirts were more form fitting. The clothes could not have any cuff, ruffles or flap pockets. Pants could be no more than 19 inches wide. There were also shortages of fabric such as silk, rayon and nylon. American women were starting to become fashionable by wearing military hats, men's pants, and patches. Women also stopped wearing large jewelry such as bangles and beads. Short haircuts were considered much safer at work and less trouble. The short hairstyles became popular during the war. Men's suits were rationed and each man was only allowed one suit per year. Men were allowed to only have four cigarettes per day. The styles during W.W.I were not as conservative as the styles during W.W.II. The styles during W.W.II. indicate a shortage of products which mandated the fashion industry during that era for both men and women. The changing of the fashions from W.W.I. to W.W.II. show that men and women were becoming more in tune with fashion. Styles were not as conservative as they used to be.

Ratio Analysis of Next Plc

Business Accounts – Assignment I Introduction Next plc is a retailer founded 1864 in the United Kingdom, that not only sells men’s, women’s and children’s wear but also has a home ware department. Their clothes wear are stylish but affordable. Throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland there are over 550 Next stores plus 50 franchises operating in Asia, Europe and The Middle East. This report will analyse and outline the company’s profitability, liquidity, solvency and investment potentials based on 15 ratios.All information is taken from the Next plc 2011 statement. Profitability and Performance The gross profit ratio indicates that Next plc was able to maintain their gross profit. It has decreased insignificantly by 0. 05%. In 2011 the revenue has increased by roughly 47 Million, hence the sales of costs increased proportionally to this. The reason for the increase could be either an introduction of a higher priced product line or merely a purchase of more goods. One reason could be that due to higher demands they had to stock up their inventories.This ratio indicates that the company was able to sustain the same level of costs in year 2011, but also that the trading department successfully negotiated better prices with suppliers. The operating margin has experienced an increase in numbers from 15. 55% to 16. 64%. It seems that Next plc found a way to control their costs more efficiently. On the income statement one can see that the administration costs and distribution costs have reduced. This could be due to cuts in wages or rent. In general, however, it can be said that Next plc improved their cost accounting.This could be an explanation for the increase in the operating margin ratio. The asset turnover ratio has fallen slightly by 0. 05. A reason for this could be slightly higher investments in fixed assets like plant or equipment. All in all though, they have managed to maintain leveraging their assets, but in future the y should try to use their existing assets more effectively. One can see that the return on capital employed ratio has experienced a growth of 3. 28%. Just as for the operating margin, a possible reason for this could be major cuts in administration expenses and distribution costs.This ratio indicates that the company has increased its efficiency at creating profits out of the money they have invested in and basically proves that Next plc knows how to use their funds successfully and control their costs effectively. In general, these ratios indicate that the profitability and performance of Next plc is very positive. Liquidity and Efficiency Liquidity ratios indicate how efficiently a company can pay off its short-term and long-term obligations. The inventory days have increased by 8 days. This shows that they keep hold of their stock for a longer period of time.It seems that the demand for their products has decreased. Trade receivables have increased by 2 days, which means that Nex t plc receives money from their customers slightly later than in year 2010. A possible reason for this is a general rise in unemployment and hence â€Å"limited growths of consumer credit† (Next Plc, 2011). However, receiving money from their customers later than before, the company has managed to pay back their creditors faster in 2011 than in 2010 (trade payable days have decreased by 2 days). This is likely to prove a higher efficiency of balancing costs and revenues on the company’s part.In a wider context approximately 80 days are a relatively long time to repay credits. This could on the one hand demonstrate the creditors’ trust in Next plc and their ability to pay back, but it is also possible that the company simply struggles to pay back credits any earlier. In this case though the trade payable days are probably high due to good negotiations of the purchase department with their suppliers. This assumption is based on the fact that Next Plc has a high am ount of cash. The current and quick ratios have slightly fallen.The current ratio is still above 1, meaning the company does not have any problems meeting their short-term obligations. A reason for this slight decline could be that there has been an increase in their short-term debt. In this case their current liabilities did actually increase. As long as the current ratio, which takes inventories into account, is higher than 1, they do not experience any problems repaying their short-term liabilities. However, the quick ratio is smaller than 1 and has marginally decreased in 2011. Due to this Next Plc might have problems paying off their short-term liabilities if sales decreases in the next years.In general though, they seem to have a rather good ability to generate cash and pay off their obligations. Solvency The gearing ratio seems to be immensely high. This could be due their major savings. It seems that they are buying their own shares back perhaps in order to save up for proje cts like reorganisations or investments. It has decreased by half from 2010 to 2011 probably because they reduced their non-current liabilities. High gearing is supposed to be risky and also results in paying higher interests. Their interest cover has risen by 2, possibly due to the fact that the interest figure has fallen by 1.This means they can pay off their interest roughly three times more than in the previous year. A possible reason for this could be a decline in interest. In general, Next’s interest payments seem to be very safe. They are generating enough revenues to meet interest expenses. Investors Ratios Investor ratios are usually used by investors in order to examine if it is worth investing their money in a company. They monitor these figures over years in order to make a â€Å"right† decision. The earnings per share ratio has increased from 188. 5p to 221. 9p.The reason for this is that the profit after tax has increased in 2011 and the number of ordinar y shares declined by 33. 4. This obliviously results in the earning per share being higher. A reason for the decline in numbers of ordinary shares could be that Next Plc bought back shares. The dividend yield has experienced a growth by 0. 46. This means that investors receive more money than in year 2010. A reason for this is that the current market has not changed over two years, the price remained stable. In 2011 the dividend cover has fallen slightly by 0. 26.A possible reason could be that they have decided to increase the dividends per share in relation to profit after tax. The price/earning ratio has experienced a decline by 0. 021. This shows that in 2011 investors receive their money back slightly quicker compared to 2010. This could be due the decline in numbers of shares; meaning Next Plc could afford to give out dividends faster. Economical position Debenhams plc is one of Next’s main competitors. It can be insightful to examine the economical state of relevant co mpetitors in order to judge a company’s success. Debenhams’ ROCE-ratio shows extremely lower figures than Next Plc. 010 the ROCE was 13. 94% and 2011 12. 34%. First of all, one can see that it has decreased in 2011 and compared to Next plc it is roughly 45% lower in both years. It is crucial to note here that Next plc increased their ROCE whereas Debenhams Plc’s decreased. This shows that Next plc is extremely more efficient in creating profits out of the money they have invested in. Based on the current ratio one can say that Debenhams plc would be struggling to pay off their short-term obligations since it is less than 1 whereas Next Plc would have no problems since theirs is above 1.The interest cover is also much lower compared to Next plc. However, Debenhams plc’s interest cover has increased by circa 3% it is still 17% lower than Next Plc’s. This indicates that Next plc either has greater profits or Debenhams plc has higher interests. All in all, it seems that Next plc was not badly affected by the recession compared to Debenhams plc. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that Next plc successfully managed to maintain and even reduce their costs and maximise their profit especially thanks to Next Directory, which has increased by 7. 1%.Although the economical environment is rather weak they could yet overcome these obstacles and make a profitable year in 2010 and even increase their profit in 2011. The general economic situation is likely to suffer from the worldwide consequences of the financial crisis as well as the European Euro crisis in particular. This means that Next plc has to find a way to become more competitive so as to maintain their high profits. For instance, they could invest in marketing to attract more customers and hence increase and sustain sales. The only ratio that they might have to worry slightly about is the quick ratio.But as long as they keep their sales up the current ratio does not seem to be any problem at all. All in all, most of the ratios indicate that Next plc is overall a successful growth company. They proved its competitiveness despite the economical decline in retail and in the consumer price index, which has decreased to 4. 2% from 5. 2%. Especially, when comparing Next plc to its main competitor one can see that they successfully kept their sales up. Generally, the ratios indicate that Next plc has a relatively strong and stable economic success, while controlling their costs effectively.All ratios, especially the dividend yield, prove that the company is a highly profitable company to invest in. Reference List http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/business-15344297 https://fame2. bvdep. com/version-2012113/Report. serv? _CID=63&context=2A6M7EI864H8BPQ&SeqNr=0 http://www. nextplc. co. uk/~/media/Files/N/Next-PLC/pdfs/reports-and-results/2010/2011-03-24a. pdf http://www. nextplc. co. uk/about-next/our-history. aspx http://www. nextplc. co. uk/about-next/business-ove rview. aspx http://www. retaileconomics. co. uk/outlook-for-the-uk-retail-sector-q3-2011/

Breast Cancer And Cancer Awareness Essay - 2454 Words

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